Automating BundleVersion Updates In IOS Projects From Git Branch Or Tag
This document outlines a strategy for automatically updating the CFBundleVersion
(Bundle Version) in iOS projects based on the Git branch or tag name. This is particularly useful when employing Git Branch/Tag names to represent planned Releases, where the name reflects the intended Marketing Version. The goal is to ensure that the builds and archives of applications and frameworks accurately reflect the intended release version, specifically for the Employee Form application and the ImageDataPicker framework.
Background
When managing iOS projects for distribution through AppStoreConnect, several versioning parameters come into play. Understanding these parameters is crucial for a smooth release process. Within AppStoreConnect, the primary versioning elements are:
- Version:
- App Name (Localizable)
- Subtitle (Localizable)
For the ImageDataPicker framework, versioning is managed at both the Project and Target levels. Let's delve into the specific settings for each:
ImageDataPicker: Project Settings
Within the project settings of ImageDataPicker, the following versioning attributes are of paramount importance. Properly configuring these settings ensures version consistency and accurate identification of builds.
- Packaging...Framework Version (FRAMEWORK_VERSION): This setting defines the overall version of the framework itself. It's a critical identifier for distinguishing between different releases and should align with the Marketing Version to avoid confusion.
- Versioning...Current Project Version (CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION) ->
CFBundleVersion
: TheCFBundleVersion
is a build-specific version number. According to Apple's documentation, this value must be an Integer or Float. It serves as a unique identifier for each build submitted to AppStoreConnect and is essential for tracking and managing different iterations of the framework. Automating the updating of this value based on the Git branch or tag name ensures that each build reflects the intended release version. - Versioning...Marketing Version (MARKETING_VERSION) ->
CFBundleShortVersionString
: TheCFBundleShortVersionString
represents the user-facing version of the framework, often referred to as the Marketing Version. This is the version number displayed in AppStoreConnect and to users in the App Store. While this setting provides a human-readable version, theCFBundleVersion
ensures a machine-readable and build-specific identifier. Maintaining a relationship between these two versions is crucial for a coherent versioning strategy.
ImageDataPicker: Target Settings
Target-specific settings offer another layer of version control, allowing for granular management of the ImageDataPicker framework. These settings mirror those found at the project level but provide flexibility for target-specific configurations.
- Packaging...Framework Version (FRAMEWORK_VERSION): This is a crucial setting as it specifies the framework's version. Ensuring consistency between the project and target settings for Framework Version is vital for a stable build process. Mismatched versions can lead to unexpected behavior and compatibility issues.
- Versioning...Current Project Version (CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION) ->
CFBundleVersion
: This setting, like the project-level setting, dictates the build-specific version number. Again, it must be an Integer or Float, adhering to Apple's guidelines. Automating this based on the Git branch or tag name is highly beneficial for build management. By linking this to the Git versioning system, every build becomes easily traceable to a specific release, streamlining the debugging and maintenance process. - Versioning...Marketing Version (MARKETING_VERSION) ->
CFBundleShortVersionString
: The target-level Marketing Version should align with the project-level setting to avoid discrepancies. This version is what users see and should accurately represent the release. This consistency simplifies the communication of version information and minimizes confusion among users and developers.
Problem Statement
The core challenge is to automate the process of updating the CFBundleVersion
in both the Employee Form application and the ImageDataPicker framework based on the Git branch or tag name. This automation will ensure that the build and archive processes produce artifacts with accurate versioning information, reflecting the planned release.
Proposed Solution
To address this, a script can be implemented that extracts the version information from the Git branch or tag name and updates the CFBundleVersion
in the project's Info.plist
files. This script can be integrated into the build process, ensuring that the version is updated automatically before each build or archive. Here's a breakdown of the proposed solution:
1. Git Branch/Tag Naming Convention
Establish a consistent naming convention for Git branches and tags. A recommended approach is to use a format like release/x.y.z
, where x
, y
, and z
represent the major, minor, and patch versions, respectively. Tags can follow the same convention, such as v1.2.3
. This uniformity makes it easier to extract the version information programmatically.
2. Script Implementation
A script, preferably written in a scripting language like Python or Ruby, can be created to perform the following steps:
- Extract Git Branch/Tag Name: The script needs to determine the current Git branch or tag name. This can be achieved using Git commands like
git branch --show-current
orgit describe --tags --exact-match
. These commands retrieve the active branch name or the exact matching tag name. - Parse Version Information: Once the branch or tag name is obtained, the script parses the version information from the name. For example, if the branch name is
release/1.2.3
, the script extracts1.2.3
. Regular expressions can be used to efficiently extract the version components. - Convert Version to Integer/Float: Since
CFBundleVersion
must be an Integer or Float, the script needs to convert the extracted version string into a suitable numerical format. A common approach is to use a build number as an integer or a float representation derived from the version components. For instance,1.2.3
could be converted to1.23
or a unique integer build number. - Update
Info.plist
Files: The script then updates theCFBundleVersion
in theInfo.plist
files of both the Employee Form application and the ImageDataPicker framework. This can be achieved using tools likePlistBuddy
, which is a command-line tool for manipulating property list files in macOS. The script would usePlistBuddy
to set theCFBundleVersion
key to the new numerical version. - Error Handling: Robust error handling is crucial. The script should handle cases where the Git commands fail, the branch/tag name doesn't conform to the expected format, or the
Info.plist
update fails. Proper logging and informative error messages are essential for debugging and troubleshooting.
3. Integration into Build Process
The script should be integrated into the Xcode build process. This can be achieved by adding a build phase script in Xcode. The build phase script will be executed before the build process starts, ensuring that the CFBundleVersion
is updated with the correct value before the application or framework is built.
- Add a New Run Script Phase: In Xcode, navigate to the project's target settings and add a new